Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia/Cardiomyopathy Panel: Sequencing and CNV Analysis
Condition Description
Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia/cardiomyopathy (ARVD/C) is an autosomal dominant condition characterized by abnormalities in cardiac structure and rhythm. The fibrofatty replacement of myocardium can predispose affected individuals to ventricular tachycardia and sudden death in young individuals and athletes. Common presenting features include heart palpitation, syncope, and death. Other diagnostic criteria include right ventricular dilation and reduction of right ventricular function, and right ventricular aneurysms. The phenotype of ARVD/C is highly variable and while it primarily affects the right ventricle, it may involve the left ventricle as well.
Reference:
- GeneReviews
Genes (8)
Indications
This test is indicated for:
- Confirmation of a clinical diagnosis of arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia/cardiomyopathy (ARVD/C).
- Carrier testing in adults with a family history of arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia/cardiomyopathy (ARVD/C).
Methodology
Next Generation Sequencing: In-solution hybridization of all coding exons is performed on the patient's genomic DNA. Although some deep intronic regions may also be analyzed, this assay is not meant to interrogate most promoter regions, deep intronic regions, or other regulatory elements, and does not detect single or multi-exon deletions or duplications. Direct sequencing of the captured regions is performed using next generation sequencing. The patient's gene sequences are then compared to a standard reference sequence. Potentially causative variants and areas of low coverage are Sanger-sequenced. Sequence variations are classified as pathogenic, likely pathogenic, benign, likely benign, or variants of unknown significance. Variants of unknown significance may require further studies of the patient and/or family members.
Copy Number Analysis: Comparative analysis of the NGS read depth (coverage) of the targeted regions of genes on this panel was performed to detect copy number variants (CNV). The accuracy of the detected variants is highly dependent on the size of the event, the sequence context and the coverage obtained for the targeted region. Due to these variables and limitations a minimum validated CNV size cannot be determined; however, single exon deletions and duplications are expected to be below the detection limit of this analysis.
Detection
Next Generation Sequencing: Clinical Sensitivity: Unknown. Mutations in the promoter region, some mutations in the introns and other regulatory element mutations cannot be detected by this analysis. Results of molecular analysis should be interpreted in the context of the patient's clinical/biochemical phenotype.
Analytical sensitivity for sequence variant detection is ~99.
Copy Number Analysis: The sensitivity and specificity of this method for CNV detection is highly dependent on the size of the event, sequence context and depth of coverage for the region involved. The assay is highly sensitive for CNVs of 500 base pairs or larger and those containing at least 3 exons. Smaller (< 500 base pairs) CNVs and those that involving only 1 or 2 exons may or may not be detected depending on the sequence context, size of exon(s) involved and depth of coverage.
Specimen Requirements
Orangene™ Saliva Collection Kit used according to manufacturer instructions. Please contact EGL for a Saliva Collection Kit for patients that cannot provide a blood sample.
Infants and Young Children (<2 years of age): 2-3 ml
Children > 2 years of age to 10 years old: 3-5 ml
Older Children & Adults: 5-10 ml
Autopsy: 2-3 ml unclotted cord or cardiac blood
8µg
Isolation using the Perkin Elmer™Chemagen™ Chemagen™ Automated Extraction method or Qiagen™ Puregene kit for DNA extraction is recommended.
Related Tests
- Comprehensive Cardiomyopathy Panel.
- Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia/Cardiomyopathy: Deletion/Duplication Panel.